Galileo :: essays research papers

GalileoGalileo was born in Pisa in 1564, the son of Vincenzo Galilei, well know for his studies of music. He studied at Pisa, where he later held the chair in mathematics from 1589 - 1592. He was then appointed to the chair of mathematics at the University of Padua, where he remained until 1610. During these years he carried out studies and experiments in mechanics, and also build a thermoscope. He devised and constructed a geometrical and military compass, and wrote a handbook, which describes how to affair this instrument. In 1594 he arrested the patent for a machine to raise piss levels. He invented the microscope, and built a telescope with which he do aery observations, the most spectacular of which was his discovery of the satellites of Jupiter. In 1610 he was nominated the first off Mathematician of the University of Pisa and given the title of mathematician to the Grand Duke of Tuscany. He studied Saturn and observed the phases of Venus. In 1611 he went to Rome. He be came a member of the Academia dei Lincei and observed the sunspots. In 1612 he began to encounter serious opposition to his theory of the motion of the hide that he taught after Copernicus. In 1614, Father Tommaso Caccini denounced the opinions of Galileo on the motion of the humans from the pulpit of Santa Maria Novella, judging them to be erroneous. Galileo therefore went to Rome, where he defended himself against charges that had been made against him but in 1616, he was admonished by Cardinal Bellarmino and told that he could not defend Copernican astronomy because it went against the doctrine of the Church. In 1622 he wrote the Saggiatore (The Assayer), which was approved and published in 1623. In 1630 he returned to Rome to obtain the right to publish his Dialogue on the two chief dry land systems, which was eventually published in Florence in 1632. In October of 1632 the Holy military post to Rome summoned him. The tribunal passed a sentence condemning him and compelled G alileo to solemnly cease his theory. He was sent to exile in Siena and finally, in December of 1633, he was allowed to retire to his villa in Arcetri, the Gioiello. His health condition was steadily declining, - by 1638 he was completely blind, and also by now bereft of the support of his daughter, infant Maria Celeste, who died in 1634.